In 2009, 3,900 women applied to specialized mammologists of the specialized mammal center “VERA”. Approximately 60% of them were diagnosed with mastopathy of one form or another.
About 25% of patients were with other diseases of the mammary glands (mastitis, lactostasis, trauma, etc. ), and only about 15% of the applicants were healthy. But the most unpleasant moment was that 62 women were diagnosed with breast cancer.
Heredity and late first pregnancy increase the risk of developing breast cancer
The age group of patients with mastopathy significantly “rejuvenated” – the youngest age of the patient with a diagnosis of mastopathy in 2009 was 15 years. The average age of such patients was 20-38 years.
Of all the diagnoses diagnosed in 2009, only 7 patients had breast cancer in the first stage.
Risk factors for the development of mastopathy and breast cancer.
Hereditary. The presence of breast cancer in blood relatives of the first degree of kinship on the maternal line increases the risk of developing oncological changes in the mammary glands 4. 5 times.
Premenstrual mastalgia (mastodynia) within the premenstrual syndrome (PMS) – chest pain – increases the risk of developing mastopathy by 2-2. 5 times. The cause of mastodynia is a cyclic engorgement of the glands caused by venous congestion and swelling of the stroma before menstruation;at this time the mammary gland increases in volume by more than 15%.
Concomitant gynecological pathology.
Mastitis (as a rule, we are talking about the development of the inflammatory process in the mammary gland in the postpartum period) increases the likelihood of developing mastopathy in 3 times.
As you know, the early menarche (the beginning of menstruation) and the later onset of menopause (the last menstruation in a woman’s life) supports the period of relative hyperestrogenia (elevated levels of estrogen), which can become a background for the development of breast diseases.
Adverse predisposing factors include late first pregnancy and childbirth (after 30 years) and the absence of a history of delivery – a long relative prevalence of the effect of estrogens from the onset of menstrual function. According to numerous studies, it is believed that the onset of the first pregnancy and childbirth should occur no later than 10 years after the menarche, in which case pregnancy and lactation have a protective effect on the woman’s body in terms of the development of mastopathy, as well as ovarian cancer.
Artificial termination of pregnancy (3 or more abortions in anamnesis) increases the risk of developing mastopathy by 4 times.
Pregnancy and lactation. Lack of lactation, a lactation period of less than one month, a lactation period of more than one year increases the risk of developing mammary gland diseases.
Hormonal factors. Relative hyperestogeny, observed in menstrual cycle disorders such as oligo-, amenorrhea, hyperprolactinemia, thyroid dysfunction.
Psychoneurogenic factor.
Liver diseases can be accompanied by changes in the metabolism of steroid hormones (violation of inactivation of estrogens and the emergence of hyperestrogenia).
Power factors. The increased content of fats in the diet increases, and a diet rich in soy products reduces the risk of developing mastopathy.
Prolonged exposure to direct ultraviolet rays.
Environmental factors.
Lovely girls and women, remember the need to visit a mammologist at least once a year and undergo ultrasound of the mammary glands (from the 6th to the 12th day of the cycle) or mammogram (after 40-45 years). In addition, experts advise monthly self-examination of the mammary glands during the first week after the end of menstruation.
If you have already been diagnosed with mastopathy, then you should be observed by a mammalian physician and undergo examinations at least twice a year!
In the specialized mammal center “VERA” world standards are used in the diagnosis and treatment of breast pathology, which include:
• consultation of a mammalian doctor (collection of complaints, visual examination, palpation);
• Ultrasound of the mammary glands or mammography (6-12th day of the menstrual cycle);
• Blood test for genetic predisposition to breast cancer – BRCA1 / 2 (98% confidence in the analysis);
• puncture biopsy of the mammary gland under ultrasound control followed by cytological diagnosis or cytological examination of the nipple to be separated;
• study of the hormonal background (with a change – consultation of a doctor, an endocrinologist);
• consultation of a gynecologist;
• repeated consultation of the doctor-mammologist with the definition of treatment tactics and the optimal time for regular observation.
This allows you to put the most accurate diagnosis in the shortest possible time and prescribe the appropriate treatment.
Consultative and diagnostic assistance in the mammal center “VERA” is provided only by certified mammalogists, doctors of the highest category and candidates of medical sciences.
Dear girls and women, we invite you to undergo a routine preventive examination, which includes breast ultrasound and a consultation with a mammalian doctor. The cost of an examination is 900 rubles, which is incommensurable with the costs of treatment of neglected pathology. Agreements with organizations are possible.