March 29, 2024

Rivaroxaban with or without Aspirin in Stable Cardiovascular Disease

Supported by Bayer. Disclosure forms provided by the authors are available with the full text of this article at NEJM. org.

Dr. Eikelboom reports receiving grant support and honoraria from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb/Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo, Janssen, AstraZeneca, Eli Lilly, GlaxoSmithKline, and Sanofi-Aventis; Dr. Connolly, receiving lecture fees and consulting fees from Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pfizer, Portola Pharmaceuticals, Boehringer Ingelheim, Servier, Daiichi Sankyo, and Medtronic; Dr. Hart, receiving grant support, fees for serving as principal investigator of the Rivaroxaban versus Aspirin in Secondary Prevention of Stroke and Prevention of Systemic Embolism in Patients with Recent Embolic Stroke of Undetermined Source (NAVIGATE ESUS) trial.

And advisory-board fees from Bayer; Dr. Diaz, receiving grant support from the Population Health Research Institute; Dr. Alings, receiving consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, and Sanofi-Aventis; Dr. Lonn, receiving consulting fees from Bayer, Amgen, Sanofi, Novartis, and Servier; Dr. Anand, receiving consulting fees and lecture fees from Bayer and Novartis; Dr. Avezum, receiving consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim; Dr. Branch, receiving grant support from Astellas and serving on an advisory board for Janssen; Dr. Bhatt, receiving grant support from Amarin, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eisai, Ethicon, Medtronic, Sanofi-Aventis, the Medicines Company, Roche, Pfizer, Forest Laboratories/AstraZeneca, Ischemix, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Chiesi, and Ironwood Pharmaceuticals, collaborating on research (uncompensated) with FlowCo, PLx Pharma, Takeda.

And Merck, receiving fees for serving on data monitoring committees, an operations committee, a publications committee (USA co-national leader), and a steering committee from the Population Health Research Institute, serving as editor-in-chief of the Harvard Heart Letter for Belvoir Publications, serving as chief medical editor of Cardiology Today’s Intervention for Slack Publications, receiving fees for serving on continuing medical education steering committees from WebMD, receiving advisory-board fees from Elsevier, serving on uncompensated advisory boards for Medscape Cardiology and Regado Biosciences, serving as editor-in-chief of the Journal of Invasive Cardiology for HMP Communications, serving as deputy editor for Clinical Cardiology, serving as guest editor and associate editor for the Journal of the American College of Cardiology, serving as chair of the research and publications committee of the Veterans Affairs Cardiovascular Assessment, Reporting.

And Tracking system for the Department of Veterans Affairs, serving as site coinvestigator for Biotronik and Boston Scientific, serving on an uncompensated advisory board for Cardax, and receiving fees for serving on data monitoring committees from the Cleveland Clinic, Duke University, and Mount Sinai School of Medicine; Dr. Zhu, receiving lecture fees from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Sanofi; Dr. Liang, receiving lecture fees from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Sanofi; Dr. Maggioni, receiving fees for serving as a study committee member from Novartis, Bayer, Fresenius Medical Care, and Cardiorentis; Dr. Kakkar, receiving grant support and fees for serving as steering committee chairman from Bayer, and consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo Europe, Janssen, Sanofi, and Armetheon;

Dr. Fox, receiving grant support and honoraria from AstraZeneca and honoraria from Sanofi/Regeneron Pharmaceuticals; Dr. Parkhomenko, receiving grant support and honoraria from Pfizer, Bayer, Janssen, AstraZeneca, Sanofi, and Merck Sharp Dohme; Dr. Störk, receiving grant support from Servier and Boehringer Ingelheim, grant support and lecture fees from Novartis and Thermo Fisher Scientific, and lecture fees from Pfizer; Dr. Ryden, receiving grant support from Amgen and Bayer, grant support, fees for serving on expert committees, and lecture fees from Boehringer Ingelheim and Novo Nordisk, and lecture fees from Merck Sharp Dohme;

Dr. Dans, receiving lecture fees from Pfizer and Boehringer Ingelheim; Dr. Torp-Pedersen, receiving grant support from Biotronik; Dr. Verhamme, receiving grant support, lecture fees, and consulting fees from Bayer HealthCare, Boehringer Ingelheim, Daiichi Sankyo, Pfizer, and Bristol-Myers Squibb, grant support from Sanofi and Leo Pharma, and consulting fees from Portola Pharmaceuticals; Dr. Vinereanu, receiving grant support, lecture fees, and consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, and Novartis and grant support and lecture fees from Servier; Dr. Lewis, receiving lecture fees and honoraria from Pfizer/Bristol-Myers Squibb; Dr. Steg, receiving fees for serving on a steering committee from Amarin, Janssen.

And CSL Behring, fees for serving on a steering committee and lecture fees from AstraZeneca, lecture fees and consulting fees from Bayer and Bristol-Myers Squibb, fees for preparation of educational material from Boehringer Ingelheim, consulting fees and fees for serving on a data and safety monitoring board from Eli Lilly and Merck Sharp Dohme, consulting fees from Novartis and Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, fees for serving on a critical-event committee from Pfizer, fees for serving on a steering committee and consulting fees from Sanofi, and fees for serving on a steering committee, consulting fees, and fees for serving on a data and safety monitoring board from Servier.

Dr. Cook Bruns, being employed by Bayer; Dr. Misselwitz, being employed by and being a shareholder of Bayer and holding a patent (US 9539218 B2 and EP 1845961 B1) on the once-daily use of rivaroxaban; Dr. Chen, being employed by Bayer HealthCare; and Dr. Yusuf, receiving grant support and honoraria from Bayer, Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, and Cadila Pharmaceuticals. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

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